Enel Piancastagnaio Geothermal Carbon Capture Project

The Piancastagnaio CO₂ Recovery Plant is a geothermal CO₂ capture, purification, and liquefaction facility under construction at Enel Green Power’s Piancastagnaio geothermal power station in the Province of Siena, Tuscany, Italy, developed in partnership with Nippon Gases Operations (part of the Nippon Gases Italia group) under an agreement announced in 2023. The unit recovers approximately 70% of the naturally occurring CO₂ carried in geothermal steam from the Piancastagnaio PC4 and PC5 power plants, which until now was released to the atmosphere through the plants’ cooling towers, and processes it into roughly 100,000 tonnes per year of food, beverage, and pharmaceutical grade merchant CO₂. The projected output could cover approximately 30% of Italy’s current demand for pure-grade CO₂. The capture process is integrated with Enel’s AMIS (Mercury and Hydrogen Sulfide Emissions Abatement) technology, which has been deployed across Enel’s geothermal fleet since 2016. The plant is nearing mechanical completion as of October 2026 and is scheduled for commissioning by late 2026 or early 2027.