Katz

The Katz (Strawn) Field CO₂-EOR project is located in King, Knox, Stonewall, and Haskell Counties, Texas, approximately 80 miles north of Abilene within the Eastern Shelf / Midland Basin margin of the Permian Basin. The field produces from Pennsylvanian-age Strawn sandstone reservoirs, consisting of multiple stacked sand bodies deposited in marine shelf environments. The project targets residual oil following extensive primary production and waterflood development, transitioning to miscible CO₂ injection using a pattern flood design with water-alternating-gas (WAG) cycles. The field was originally discovered in 1951, with several producing intervals (commonly referred to as the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Strawn sands) later consolidated into a single Katz (Strawn) Field unit in 2009. Reservoir depths range approximately 4,800–5,400 ft, with average porosity of 12–22% and permeability ranging from ~2 to 3,700 mD, reflecting significant heterogeneity between sand bodies. Net pay totals approximately 135 ft across stacked intervals. Reservoir pressure declined from an original ~2,200 psia to ~1,600 psig prior to CO₂ flood implementation. The CO₂ project was designed by Kinder Morgan with the objective of recovering an estimated 150.8 MMSTB CO₂ target oil volume, with projected incremental recovery of approximately 23.8 MMSTB through tertiary operations. Planned CO₂ purchase volume was approximately 220 BCF, with forecast net utilization around 9 Mcf CO₂ per barrel. Miscibility conditions were established through slim-tube testing indicating minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) of approximately 1,746 psia at reservoir temperature (~